Research Article

Dark Triad and Social Media Addiction among Undergraduates: Coping Strategy as a Mediator

Poh Chua Siah 1 * , Jie Yeng Hue 1 , Bernie Zi Ru Wong 1 , Sin Jie Goh 1
More Detail
1 Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar Campus, Malaysia* Corresponding Author
Contemporary Educational Technology, 13(4), October 2021, ep320, https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/11104
OPEN ACCESS   3834 Views   1783 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

The excessive use of social media is prevalent among undergraduates. Dark triad personality is one of the significant predictors of social media addiction, but inconsistent findings were reported. This study adopted the personality-coping-outcome theory as a framework to examine whether coping strategies mediate the effects of dark triad personality on social media addiction. The purposive sampling method was used to recruit 219 undergraduates for a survey. The results showed that only narcissism is associated with social media addiction, and only avoidance coping strategy mediated the effects of pathology on social media addiction. It is suggested a complete theory is required to explain the relationships between dark triad personality and social media addiction, and a coping scale to be developed to cover the coping strategies that fit dark triad personality.

CITATION (APA)

Siah, P. C., Hue, J. Y., Wong, B. Z. R., & Goh, S. J. (2021). Dark Triad and Social Media Addiction among Undergraduates: Coping Strategy as a Mediator. Contemporary Educational Technology, 13(4), ep320. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/11104

REFERENCES

  1. Afacan, O., & Ozbek, N. (2019). Investigation of social media addiction of high school students. International Journal of Educational Methodology, 5(2), 235-245. https://doi.org/10.12973/ijem.5.2.235
  2. Al Mamun, M. A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2019). The association between Facebook addiction and depression: A pilot survey study among Bangladeshi students. Psychiatry Research, 271, 628-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.039
  3. Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., Brunborg, G. S., & Pallesen, S. (2012). Development of a Facebook addiction scale. Psychological Reports, 110(2), 501-517. https://doi.org/10.2466/02.09.18.PR0.110.2.501-517
  4. Ang, C. C., & Choi, J. N. (2005). Rethinking procrastination: Positive effects of” active” procrastination behavior on attitudes and performance. The Journal of Social Psychology, 145(3), 245-264. https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.145.3.245-264
  5. Bányai, F., Zsila, Á., Király, O., Maraz, A., Elekes, Z., Griffiths, M. D., Andreassen, C. S., & Demetrovics, Z. (2017). Problematic social media use: Results from a large-scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PLoS One, 12(1), e0169839. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169839
  6. Baughman, H. M., Dearing, S., Giammarco, E., & Vernon, P. A. (2012). Relationships between bullying behaviours and the Dark Triad: A study with adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(5), 571-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.020
  7. Baumstarck, K., Alessandrini, M., Hamidou, Z., Auquier, P., Leroy, T., & Boyer, L. (2017). Assessment of coping: A new French four-factor structure of the brief COPE inventory. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 15(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-016-0581-9
  8. Benson, P. R. (2010). Coping, distress, and well-being in mothers of children with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4(2), 217-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2009.09.008
  9. Book, A., Visser, B. A., & Volk, A. A. (2015). Unpacking “evil”: Claiming the core of the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 73, 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.016
  10. Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2015). Social media: Defining, developing, and divining. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 23(1), 46-65. https://doi.org/10.1080/15456870.2015.972282
  11. Carver, C. S. (1997). You want to measure coping but your protocol’ too long: Consider the brief cope. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4(1), 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6
  12. Chou, W.-P., Ko, C.-H., Kaufman, E. A., Crowell, S. E., Hsiao, R. C., Wang, P.-W., Lin, J.-J., & Yen, C.-F. (2015). Association of stress coping strategies with Internet addiction in college students: The moderating effect of depression. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 62, 27-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.06.004
  13. Chung, K. L., Morshidi, I., Yoong, L. C., & Thian, K. N. (2019). The role of the dark tetrad and impulsivity in social media addiction: Findings from Malaysia. Personality and Individual Differences, 143, 62-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.016
  14. Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
  15. Demircioğlu, Z. I., & Köse, A. G. (2018). Effects of attachment styles, dark triad, rejection sensitivity, and relationship satisfaction on social media addiction: A mediated model. Current Psychology, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9956-x
  16. Folkman, S. (2013). Stress: Appraisal and coping. In M. D. Gellman & J. R. Turner (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine (pp. 1913-1915). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215
  17. Fox, A. K., Bacile, T. J., Nakhata, C., & Weible, A. (2018). Selfie-marketing: Exploring narcissism and self-concept in visual user-generated content on social media. Journal of Consumer Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-03-2016-1752
  18. Furnham, A., Richards, S. C., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). The Dark Triad of personality: A 10 year review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 7(3), 199-216. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12018
  19. Gallagher, D. J. (1996). Personality, coping, and objective outcomes: Extraversion, neuroticism, coping styles, and academic performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 21(3), 421-429. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(96)00085-2
  20. Hadi, N. U., Abdullah, N., & Sentosa, I. (2016). Making sense of mediating analysis: A marketing perspective. Review of Integrative Business & Economics Research, 5(2), 62-76.
  21. Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.15358/9783800653614
  22. Hare, R. D. (1998). Psychopathy, affect and behavior. In Psychopathy: Theory, research and implications for society (pp. 105-137). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3965-6_6
  23. Hawi, N. S., & Samaha, M. (2017). Relationships among smartphone addiction, anxiety, and family relations. Behaviour & Information Technology, 36(10), 1046-1052. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2017.1336254
  24. Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
  25. Hou, Y., Xiong, D., Jiang, T., Song, L., & Wang, Q. (2019). Social media addiction: Its impact, mediation, and intervention. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2019-1-4
  26. Hyatt, C. S., Sleep, C. E., Lamkin, J., Maples-Keller, J. L., Sedikides, C., Campbell, W. K., & Miller, J. D. (2018). Narcissism and self-esteem: A nomological network analysis. PloS One, 13(8), e0201088. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201088
  27. Ináncsi, T., Láng, A., & Bereczkei, T. (2016). A darker shade of love: Machiavellianism and positive assortative mating based on romantic ideals. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 12(1), 137. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v12i1.1007
  28. Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2012). A protean approach to social influence: Dark Triad personalities and social influence tactics. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(4), 521-526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.023
  29. Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short dark triad (SD3) a brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21(1), 28-41. https://doi.org/Paulhus
  30. Kircaburun, K., Jonason, P. K., & Griffiths, M. D. (2018). The Dark Tetrad traits and problematic social media use: The mediating role of cyberbullying and cyberstalking. Personality and Individual Differences, 135, 264-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.034
  31. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1987). Transactional theory and research on emotions and coping. European Journal of Personality, 1(3), 141-169. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410010304
  32. Mahamid, F. A., & Berte, D. Z. (2019). Social media addiction in geopolitically at-risk youth. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(1), 102-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-017-9870-8
  33. Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission. (2018). Internet Users Survey 2018. https://www.mcmc.gov.my/skmmgovmy/media/General/pdf/Internet-Users-Survey-2018.pdf
  34. Malesza, M., & Ostaszewski, P. (2016). Dark side of impulsivity—Associations between the Dark Triad, self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 88, 197-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.09.016
  35. Parker, J. D., & Endler, N. S. (1992). Coping with coping assessment: A critical review. European Journal of Personality, 6(5), 321-344. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410060502
  36. Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6
  37. PrakashYadav, G., & Rai, J. (2017). The Generation Z and their social media usage: A review and a research outline. Global Journal of Enterprise Information System, 9(2), 110-116. https://doi.org/10.18311/gjeis/2017/15748
  38. Reinecke, L., Meier, A., Aufenanger, S., Beutel, M. E., Dreier, M., Quiring, O., Stark, B., Wölfling, K., & Müller, K. W. (2018). Permanently online and permanently procrastinating? The mediating role of Internet use for the effects of trait procrastination on psychological health and well-being. New Media & Society, 20(3), 862-880. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1461444816675437
  39. Schou Andreassen, C., & Pallesen, S. (2014). Social network site addiction-an overview. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 20(25), 4053-4061. https://doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990616
  40. Shaughnessy, J., Zechmeister, E., & Zechmeister, J. (2015). Research methods in psychology (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
  41. Skinner, E. A., Edge, K., Altman, J., & Sherwood, H. (2003). Searching for the structure of coping: A review and critique of category systems for classifying ways of coping. Psychological Bulletin, 129(2), 216. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.216
  42. Sriwilai, K., & Charoensukmongkol, P. (2016). Face it, don’t Facebook it: Impacts of social media addiction on mindfulness, coping strategies and the consequence on emotional exhaustion. Stress and Health, 32(4), 427-434. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2637
  43. Suls, J., & Fletcher, B. (1985). The relative efficacy of avoidant and nonavoidant coping strategies: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology, 4(3), 249-288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.249
  44. Thatcher, A., Wretschko, G., & Fridjhon, P. (2008). Online flow experiences, problematic Internet use and Internet procrastination. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 2236-2254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.10.008
  45. Zhao, X., Lynch Jr, J. G., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197-206. https://doi.org/10.1086/651257