Research Article

Exploring game-based learning to enhance mathematics teaching and learning: A case study of year 6

Wala Awad 1 * , Linda Galligan 1 , Seyum Getenet 2
More Detail
1 School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, AUSTRALIA2 School of Education, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD, AUSTRALIA* Corresponding Author
Contemporary Educational Technology, 18(3), July 2026, ep668, https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18747
Published: 12 June 2026
OPEN ACCESS   16 Views   9 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

The integration of online learning games in mathematics education is a rapidly growing area, driven by ongoing technological progress and the recognized potential to improve student learning experiences. Effective technological support is essential for enhancing students’ understanding and engagement in mathematics. This study critically assesses the effectiveness of MangaHigh, an online game-based learning (GBL) resource featuring adaptive learning technology, in an Australian primary school setting. Using a mixed-methods case study approach, data were gathered through surveys completed by 72 year 6 students and a semi-structured interview with their classroom teacher. The results show that the teacher viewed MangaHigh as a tool that encourages student engagement and helps in understanding specific mathematical concepts, aligning with recent research indicating GBL can increase motivation and conceptual understanding. Survey data showed that most students believed MangaHigh assisted their understanding of mathematical concepts. Notably, gender-based differences in perceptions were observed, with more boys than girls perceiving MangaHigh as a helpful tool that makes learning mathematics enjoyable, boosts confidence, and simplifies concepts. However, statistical analysis revealed that these differences were not significant. These findings are placed within current research on digital skills and attitudes. Overall, the results suggest that mathematics teachers should think about incorporating technology into their teaching. The study also emphasizes the need for further research, as current studies on the impact of GBL tools like MangaHigh on primary school mathematics education are still limited.

CITATION (APA)

Awad, W., Galligan, L., & Getenet, S. (2026). Exploring game-based learning to enhance mathematics teaching and learning: A case study of year 6. Contemporary Educational Technology, 18(3), ep668. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18747

REFERENCES

  1. Abidin, Z., Mathrani, A., & Hunter, R. (2018). Gender-related differences in the use of technology in mathematics classrooms: Student participation, learning strategies and attitudes. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 35(4), 266-284. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-11-2017-0109
  2. Admiraal, W., van Vugt, F., Kranenburg, F., Koster, B., Smit, B., Weijers, S., & Lockhorst, D. (2017). Preparing pre-service teachers to integrate technology into K-12 instruction: Evaluation of a technology-infused approach. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 26(1), 105-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2016.1163283
  3. Akçay, A. O., Karahan, E., & Bozan, M. A. (2021). The effect of using technology in primary school math teaching on students’ academic achievement: A meta-analysis study. Forum for International Research in Education, 7(2), 1-21. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1337220
  4. Akpalu, R., Boateng, P. A., Owusu, J., & Ayisi, E. (2025). Digital transformation in mathematics education: Strategic responses to e-learning challenges. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 9(2), 1188-1200. https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.9020096
  5. Aldemir Engin, R., Karakuş, D., & Niess, M. L. (2023). TPACK development model for pre-service mathematics teachers. Education and Information Technologies, 28(4), 4769-4794. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11381-1
  6. All, A., Nuñez Castellar, E. P., & Van Looy, J. (2015). Towards a conceptual framework for assessing the effectiveness of digital game-based learning. Computers and Education, 88, 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.04.012
  7. Anshari, M., Alas, Y., & Guan, L. S. (2016). Developing online learning resources: Big data, social networks, and cloud computing to support pervasive knowledge. Education and Information Technologies, 21(6), 1663-1677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-015-9407-3
  8. Attard, C., & Holmes, K. (2020). “It gives you that sense of hope”: An exploration of technology use to mediate student engagement with mathematics. Heliyon, 6(1), Article e02945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02945
  9. Attard, C., & Northcote, M. (2011). Mathematics on the move: Using mobile technologies to support student learning (part 1). Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom, 16(4), 29-31. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ961656
  10. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In H. Cooper, P. M. Camic, D. L. Long, A. T. Panter, D. Rindskopf, & K. J. Sher (Eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol. 2. Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological (pp. 57–71). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/13620-004
  11. Bright, A., Welcome, N. B., & Arthur, Y. D. (2024). The effect of using technology in teaching and learning mathematics on student’s mathematics performance: The mediation effect of students’ mathematics interest. Journal of Mathematics and Science Teacher, 4(2), Article em059. https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/14309
  12. Buckley, J., DeWille, T., Exton, C., Exton, G., & Murray, L. (2018). A gamification-motivation design framework for educational software developers. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 47(1), 101-127. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239518783153
  13. Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). SAGE.
  14. Darragh, L. (2021). The promise of online mathematics instruction programmes: Producing the mathematics learner and school mathematics. Research in Mathematics Education, 23(3), 262-277. https://doi.org/10.1080/14794802.2021.1993977
  15. Ersozlu, Z. (2024). The role of technology in reducing mathematics anxiety in primary school students. Contemporary Educational Technology, 16(3), Article ep517. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/14717
  16. Fielding, J. (2019). Rethinking CRAAP: Getting students thinking like fact-checkers in evaluating web sources. College & Research Libraries News, 80(11), Article 620. https://doi.org/10.5860/crln.80.11.620
  17. Getenet, S. T. (2017). Adapting technological pedagogical content knowledge framework to teach mathematics. Education and Information Technologies, 22(5), 2629-2644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-016-9566-x
  18. Ghavifekr, S., & Rosdy, W. A. W. (2015). Teaching and learning with technology: Effectiveness of ICT integration in schools. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 1(2), 175-191. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1105224
  19. Gocheva, M., Kasakliev, N., & Somova, E. (2022). Mobile game-based math learning for primary school. Mathematics and Informatics, LXV(6), 574-586. https://doi.org/10.53656/math2022-6-3-mob
  20. Goos, M., Galbraith, P., Renshaw, P., & Geiger, V. (2003). Perspectives on technology mediated learning in secondary school mathematics classrooms. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 22(1), 73-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0732-3123(03)00005-1
  21. Goos, M., Vale, C., Stillman, G., Makar, K., Herbert, S., & Geiger, V. (2017). Teaching secondary school mathematics: Research and practice for the 21st century (2nd ed.). Allen & Unwin. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003117810
  22. Gore, J., Fray, L., Miller, A., Harris, J., & Taggart, W. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on student learning in New South Wales primary schools: An empirical study. Australian Educational Researcher, 48(4), 605-637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-021-00436-w
  23. Grandgenett, N., Harris, J., & Hofer, M. (2011). An activity-based approach to technology integration in the mathematics classroom. Journal of Mathematics Education Leadership, 13(2), 19-28. https://www.mathedleadership.org/docs/resources/journals/NCSMJournalVol13Num1Article2.pdf
  24. Harrison, T. R., & Lee, H. S. (2018). iPads in the mathematics classroom: Developing criteria for selecting appropriate learning apps. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 6(2), 155-172. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1178352
  25. Hilton, A. (2018). Engaging primary school students in mathematics: Can iPads make a difference? International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 16(1), 145-165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-016-9771-5
  26. Howard, S., & Crotty, Y. (2017). The potential of an interactive game-based software to motivate high-achieving maths students at primary school level. Electronic Journal of Mathematics & Technology, 11(2), 112-127. https://ejmt.mathandtech.org/Contents/eJMT_v11n2n3.pdf
  27. Hui, H. B., & Mahmud, M. S. (2023). Influence of game-based learning in mathematics education on the students’ cognitive and affective domain: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article 1105806. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1105806
  28. Jahnke, I., Lee, Y.-M., Pham, M., He, H., & Austin, L. (2020). Unpacking the inherent design principles of mobile microlearning. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 25(3), 585-619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-019-09413-w
  29. Kasım, M., & Deringöl, Y. (2025). The impact of technology assisted mathematical modeling on a 4th grade student with mathematical learning difficulties. Education and Information Technologies, 30, 985-1012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13214-9
  30. Koehler, M. J., Mishra, P., & Cain, W. (2013). What is technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK)? Journal of Education, 193(3), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/002205741319300303
  31. Kriswandani, K., & Kusuma, D. (2025). Enhancing mathematical reasoning skills through board game media and the adaptive problem-based learning model. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(1), 602-613. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i1.6340
  32. Loong, E. Y.-K., & Herbert, S. (2018). Primary school teachers’ use of digital technology in mathematics: The complexities. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 30(4), 475-498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-018-0235-9
  33. Lowerison, G., Sclater, J., Schmid, R. F., & Abrami, P. C. (2006). Student perceived effectiveness of computer technology use in post-secondary classrooms. Computers and Education, 47, 465-489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2004.10.014
  34. McCulloch, A. W., Hollebrands, K., Lee, H., Harrison, T., & Mutlu, A. (2018). Factors that influence secondary mathematics teachers’ integration of technology in mathematics lessons. Computers and Education, 123, 26-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.04.008
  35. Muir, T. (2014). Google, Mathletics and Khan Academy: Students’ self-initiated use of online mathematical resources. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 26(4), 833-852. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-014-0128-5
  36. Orlando, J., & Attard, C. (2016). Digital natives come of age: The reality of today’s early career teachers using mobile devices to teach mathematics. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 28(1), 107-121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-015-0159-6
  37. Patton, M. Q. (2003). Qualitative evaluation checklist. Western Michigan University Evaluation Center. https://wmich.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/u350/2018/qual-eval-patton.pdf
  38. Polkinghorne, D. E. (2005). Language and meaning: Data collection in qualitative research. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 52(2), 137-145. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.2.137
  39. Queirós, A., Faria, D., & Almeida, F. (2017). Strengths and limitations of qualitative and quantitative research methods. European Journal of Education Studies, 3(9), 369-387. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.887089
  40. Schmidt, A., & Williamson-Kefu, M. (2020). Using digital technology to support mathematical learning outcomes in a primary classroom. Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom, 25(3), 23-28. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.428931016990216
  41. Schmitz, M. L., Antonietti, C., Consoli, T., Cattaneo, A., Gonon, P., & Petko, D. (2023). Transformational leadership for technology integration in schools: Empowering teachers to use technology in a more demanding way. Computers and Education, 204, Article 104880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104880
  42. Shin, W. S. (2015). Teachers’ use of technology and its influencing factors in Korean elementary schools. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 24(4), 461-476. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2014.915229
  43. Tondeur, J., Scherer, R., Siddiq, F., & Baran, E. (2020). Enhancing pre-service teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK): A mixed-method study. Educational Technology Research and Development, 68(1), 319-343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-019-09692-1
  44. Van de Walle, J., Karp, K., Bay-Williams, J., Brass, A., Bently, B., Ferguson, S., Goff, W., Livy, S., Marshman, M., Martin, D., Pearn, C., Prodromou, T., Symons, D., & Wilkie, K. (2019). Primary and middle years mathematics: Teaching developmentally (1st ed.). Pearson. https://www.pearson.com/en-au/media/guvlxxn4/9780655708735.pdf?srsltid=AfmBOorHt5h05rHqL11FepSZbGdPZonUPFH8dHbnkV1BSVj7gT1EjqgF
  45. Winthrop, R., Ziegler, L., Handa, R., & Fakoya, F. (2019). How playful learning can help leapfrog progress in education. Center for Universal Education at the Brookings Institution. http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED597321.pdf
  46. Yean, F. C. (2024). Leadership for technology integration in teaching mathematics: A comparative study between two private institutions. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 9(2), Article e002697. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v9i2.2697